Note: We identified programs in the O.M.B. instructions by their assistance listing number, then used program titles and obligation totals for the most recent complete fiscal year, 2024, from the government’s System for Award Management website. Money obligated in a certain year doesn’t have to be spent that year, which means obligations don’t translate directly into money out the door. For the tax credit programs, data reflects total expenditures for the 2024 fiscal year. Figures are rounded. By our count, the O.M.B.’s list of programs included every entry but four in the federal System for Award Management database, including many expired programs.
Source: Instructions to federal agencies circulated by the White House Office of Management and Budget; sam.gov; U.S. Treasury
Emily Badger, Aatish Bhatia, Larry Buchanan, Irineo Cabreros, Lisa Friedman, Josh Katz, Sarah Kliff, Nicholas Nehamas, Francesca Paris, Alicia Parlapiano, Margot Sanger-Katz and Ethan Singer contributed reporting. Additional production by Lazaro Gamio.
